Reduction ratio
Output speed Input revolutions
Number of stages/stages
Number of sets of planetary gears. Since one set of planetary gears cannot meet a larger transmission ratio, sometimes two or three sets are needed to meet the user's requirements for a larger transmission ratio. That is to say, the larger the reduction ratio, the more segments/stages, and the lower the efficiency. .
Average life
Refers to the continuous working time of the reducer at the rated input speed under rated load.
Positioning accuracy
The key to achieving accurate positioning in high-speed mechanical reciprocating motion is to minimize the angular deviation generated by the motion. Positioning accuracy depends on two values, one is the deflection angle related to loading, which involves return clearance and torsional stiffness, and the other is the deflection angle related to motion control, which involves synchronization deviation issues.
Backlash Backlash
When the output end is fixed and the input end is rotated clockwise and counterclockwise so that the input end generates rated torque + torque, there is a slight angular displacement at the input end of the reducer. This angle The displacement is the return clearance, which is one-sixtieth of one degree. Some people call it backlash.
Rated output torque
Refers to the torque that can be loaded when the reducer works continuously for a long time. The conditions should meet the uniform load and the safety factor is greater than
Acceleration torque
Refers to the working cycle per hour less than The number of times allowed to be loaded in a short period of time cannot exceed times.
Emergency braking torque
Refers to the maximum torque that can be loaded on the output end of the reducer. This torque can be loaded times during the life of the reducer, and it must not exceed times.
No-load torque
Refers to the torque loaded on the reducer to overcome the friction within the reducer.
Maximum torque
Refers to the output torque that the reducer can withstand under static conditions or frequent starting conditions, usually referring to peak load or starting load.
Actual required torque
The required torque depends on the actual working conditions of the application. The rated torque of the proposed reducer must be greater than this torque.
Rolling torque
Refers to the moment when axial force and radial force act on the radial stress point on the output bearing.
Axial force
Refers to a force parallel to the axis center. When its point of action has a certain axial deviation from the output shaft end, an additional bending moment will be formed. When the axial force exceeds the rated value, a coupling is required to offset the bending force.
Radial force
Refers to a force that acts vertically on the axial force. Its point of action is at a certain axial distance from the shaft end. This point becomes a lever point, and the lateral force forms a bending moment. .
Shaft extension radial load
The additional basis for selecting a reducer is the radial load and axial load on the extended end of the output shaft. The strength of the shaft and the load-bearing capacity of the bearing determine the allowable radial load of the shaft extension. The maximum permissible values given in the product catalog refer to the force acting in the most unfavorable direction at the midpoint of the shaft extension. When the force is not at the midpoint, the closer it is to the shaft shoulder, the greater the allowable radial load. On the contrary, the farther the action point is from the shaft shoulder, the smaller the allowable radial load is.
Safety factor
The safety factor is equal to the ratio of the rated input power of the reducer to the motor power.
Usage factor
The usage factor represents the application characteristics of the reducer, which takes into account the load type and daily working hours of the reducer.
Installation torque
The assembly of the reducer and the connection and installation of the motor and the reducer (the input shaft requires a flexible coupling) all have torque requirements. It is recommended to use a torque wrench to complete the installation steps.
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Materials and heat treatment
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The weight of the planetary gear transmission is generally proportional to the weight of the gear, and the weight of the gear is closely related to its material and heat treatment hardness. Large relationship. For example, under the same power, the weight of carburized and quenched gears will be about/about the weight of quenched and tempered gears. Therefore, based on the structural characteristics of the planetary gear reducer and the load properties of the gears, hard tooth surface gears should be widely used. To obtain hardened gears There are many heat treatment methods for tooth surface gears, such as surface quenching, overall quenching, carburizing quenching, nitriding, etc., which should be selected according to the characteristics of the planetary gear reducer.
, Surface quenching
Common surface quenching There are two methods: high-frequency quenching (for small-sized gears) and flame quenching (for large-sized gears). The effect is best when the hardened layer of surface quenching includes the bottom of the tooth root. The common material for surface quenching is carbon with a mass fraction of about ~ steel material, the tooth surface hardness can reach ~.
, carburizing and quenching
Carburizing and quenching gears have a relatively maximum load-bearing capacity, but finishing processes (gear grinding) must be used to eliminate heat treatment deformation. To ensure accuracy.
Carburizing and quenching gears commonly use alloy steel with a mass fraction of carbon before carburization of ~, and its tooth surface hardness is often in the range of ~. If it is lower than 0.0, the tooth surface strength will decrease significantly, and if it is higher than The brittleness increases. The hardness of the center of the gear tooth is generally ~. The hardness of the carburized and quenched gear should gradually decrease from the surface of the gear tooth to the deep layer, and the effective carburizing depth is specified as the surface to the deep layer. It should gradually decrease, while the effective carburizing depth should gradually decrease from the surface to the deep layer. The depth is specified as the depth from the surface to the hardness.
The role of carburizing and quenching in the bending fatigue strength of gear teeth is not only to increase the hardness of the core, but also to have residual compressive stress on the surface, which can maximize the gear teeth. The stress in the tensile stress zone is reduced. Therefore, the tooth root part cannot be ground when grinding gears, and a grinding hob must be used when hobbing.
, Nitriding
Using nitriding can ensure that the gear teeth have minimal deformation. High tooth surface hardness and wear resistance can be achieved under the conditions. After heat treatment, final finishing is no longer required, which improves the load-bearing capacity. This is of special significance for internal gears that are not easy to grind.
The hardness combination of meshing gears
When the large and small gears both have soft tooth surfaces, the tooth surface hardness of the small gear should be higher than that of the large gear. And when both wheels have hard tooth surfaces and the hardness is higher, then Take the two wheels to have the same hardness.
Selecting a good planetary gear reducer material will help improve the bearing capacity and service life of the gear reducer.
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Installation method
/>_ Editor
In the reducer family, planetary reducers are widely used in servo, stepper, DC and other transmission systems due to their small size, high transmission efficiency, wide deceleration range, high precision and many other advantages. . Its function is to reduce the speed, increase the torque and reduce the load/motor inertia ratio on the premise of ensuring precision transmission. In the past few years, some users have broken the output shaft of the reducer due to illegal installation and other human factors when using the reducer, causing the company to suffer unnecessary losses. Therefore, in order to better help users make good use of the reducer, we will introduce to you in detail how to correctly install the planetary reducer.
The correct installation, use and maintenance of the reducer are important links to ensure the normal operation of mechanical equipment. Therefore, when installing the planetary reducer, be sure to strictly follow the installation and use-related matters below and assemble and use it carefully.
Step 1
Before installation, confirm whether the motor and reducer are intact, and strictly check whether the dimensions of the parts connecting the motor and the reducer match. Here are the positioning boss, input shaft and reducer of the motor. Machine grooves and other dimensions and fit tolerances.
Step 2
Unscrew the screw on the dust-proof hole on the outside of the reducer flange, adjust the system clamping ring to align the side hole with the dust-proof hole, insert the inner hexagon and tighten it. After that, remove the motor shaft key.
Step 3
Connect the motor and reducer naturally. When connecting, it must be ensured that the concentricity of the output shaft of the reducer and the input shaft of the motor is consistent, and that the outer flanges of the two are parallel. Inconsistent concentricity may cause the motor shaft to break or the reducer gear to wear.
In addition, during installation, it is strictly forbidden to hit with a hammer to prevent excessive axial or radial force from damaging the bearings or gears. Be sure to tighten the mounting bolts before tightening the force bolts. Before installation, wipe the anti-rust oil on the motor input shaft, positioning boss and reducer connection parts with gasoline or zinc-sodium water. Its purpose is to ensure the tightness of the connection and the flexibility of operation, and to prevent unnecessary wear and tear.
Before connecting the motor to the reducer, the keyway of the motor shaft should be vertical to the tightening bolt. To ensure uniform stress, first screw on the mounting bolts at any diagonal position, but do not tighten them, then screw on the other two mounting bolts at diagonal positions, and finally tighten the four mounting bolts one by one. Finally, tighten the force bolt. All tightening bolts need to be fixed and inspected with a torque wrench according to the indicated fixed torque data.
The correct installation between the reducer and the mechanical equipment is similar to the correct installation between the reducer and the drive motor. The key is to ensure that the concentricity of the reducer output shaft and the driven part shaft is consistent.
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Oil leakage treatment plan
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Use polymer composite materials to repair and treat reducer oil leakage. Polymer composite materials are polymerized Materials, metal or ceramic ultrafine powders, fibers, etc. are used as base materials and are compounded under the action of curing agents and curing accelerators. Various materials complement each other in performance, creating a synergistic effect, which improves the overall performance of the composite material. Better than the original constituent materials. It has extremely strong adhesion, mechanical properties, and chemical corrosion resistance, so it is widely used to repair mechanical wear, scratches, pits, cracks, leaks, casting blisters, etc. on metal equipment As well as chemical anti-corrosion protection and repair of various chemical storage tanks, reaction tanks, and pipelines. For leaks at the static sealing point of the reducer, Megawa polymer composite materials and technology can be used to treat leaks on site without disassembly. The polymer composite materials can be treated externally Leakage, time and effort are saved, and the effect is immediate. Its products have excellent adhesion, oil resistance and stretchability, overcome the impact of vibration of the reducer, and solve problems that have been unsolvable for many years for the enterprise. If the speed is reduced If the static sealing point leaks oil during the operation of the machine, you can use the oil level emergency repair agent of surface engineering technology to stick and plug it, so as to eliminate the oil leakage.
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Solve the broken shaft
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When the assembly concentricity between the drive motor and the reducer is ensured well, the output shaft of the drive motor is only subjected to rotational force (torque operation will also be very smooth, without pulsation. But in different situations When the center is centered, the output shaft of the drive motor also bears the radial force (bending moment) from the input end of the reducer. The action of this radial force will force the output shaft of the drive motor to bend, and the bending direction will follow the direction of the output shaft. The rotation is constantly changing. If the concentricity error is large, the radial force will increase the local temperature of the motor output shaft, and its metal structure will continue to be destroyed, which will eventually cause the drive motor output shaft to break due to local fatigue. Both concentricity The larger the error, the shorter the time for the output shaft of the drive motor to break. When the output shaft of the drive motor breaks, the input end of the reducer will also bear the radial force from the output shaft of the drive motor. If this radial force If the maximum radial load that the input end of the reducer can bear is exceeded, the result will also cause the input end of the reducer to be deformed or even broken or the input end support bearing to be damaged. Therefore, it is important to ensure concentricity during assembly! From the assembly process According to the above analysis, if the drive motor shaft and the input end of the reducer are concentric, then the shaft surface of the drive motor and the hole surface of the input end of the reducer will be in perfect agreement. Their contact surfaces are tightly attached, and there is no radial force or deformation space. And If the assembly is not concentric, then the contact surfaces will not match or there will be gaps, which will cause radial force and provide space for deformation.
Similarly, the output shaft of the reducer may also be broken or bent. The reason is the same as the reason for the broken shaft of the drive motor. However, the output of the reducer is the product of the output of the drive motor and the reduction ratio. Compared with the motor, the output is greater, so the output shaft of the reducer is more likely to be broken. Therefore, when users use the reducer When assembling the output end, special attention should be paid to ensuring the concentricity!
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Application
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Servo planetary reducer is a widely used industrial product, its performance is comparable to other military-grade reducer products , but with the price of industrial-grade products, it is used in a wide range of industrial occasions.
This servo planetary reducer is small in size, light in weight, high in load-bearing capacity, long in service life, stable in operation, and low in noise. It has power splitting, The unique characteristics of multi-tooth meshing. The maximum input power can be reached. Suitable for lifting and transportation, engineering machinery, metallurgy, mining, petrochemical industry, construction machinery, light industry and textile, medical equipment, instrumentation, automobiles, ships, weapons and aviation New types of planetary series in aerospace and other industrial sectors include fixed-axis transmission reducers, parent-child gear transmission reducers, and elastic load-sharing and small tooth difference reducers.
The servo planetary reducer is a new type of reducer with wide versatility , the internal gears are carburized, quenched and ground. The whole machine has the characteristics of small structural size, large output torque, high speed ratio, high efficiency, safe and reliable performance. This machine is mainly used for the slewing mechanism of tower cranes, and can also be used as Matching parts are used in lifting, excavation, transportation, construction and other industries.
Wanxin planetary reducer servo planetary reducer